Application of Bioacoustic Panels in Sheet Metal Ceilings in Precarious Housing in the Peruvian Andes, City of Huancayo

Abstract

In this research, we propose to measure the effectiveness of materials that can represent a suitable acoustic insulation in homes of social groups of low economic stratum, those who have their living spaces with galvanized steel sheets known as “calaminas” in their roofs, considering the sound impact of rainfall and hailstorms of great magnitude in the central Andean area, specifically in the city of Huancayo. The method used to measure the effectiveness was the application of acoustic prototypes, of which the decibel level was recorded through the use of a professional sound level meter (Benetech model GM: 1356) correctly calibrated, analyzing the different responses of industrial and ecological materials as acoustic barriers to mitigate the amount of decibels harmful to health (75 dB); we elaborated comparative tables of the acoustic indexes collected within 5 tests, considering the cost of each material for the accessibility of the population of scarce resources within the peripheral context of the city of Huancayo in the year 2022, involving a social purpose to the research. It was determined that the prototypes of glass wool, wood fiber and egg crate have optimal qualities to mitigate high decibel levels; in turn, greater emphasis is placed on the last two materials mentioned since a key factor of this research is the ecological, social and economically accessible background, reiterating that the incorporation of industrialized materials in the tests is merely for comparison purposes in their acoustic properties. This study constitutes a possibility to improve the quality

of life of the inhabitants of a city in constant growth in the face of not very pressing climatological factors, proposing an economical and accessible alternative of a comfortable space in low-income housing, contributing to sustainable development objectives SDG 3 and SDG 11.